The O'Leary Collection—Medals of The Royal Canadian Regiment

7211 Private Chester Duncan McLaren

7th Regiment, "Fusiliers"
2nd (Special Service) Bn, Royal Canadian Regiment of Infantry

By: Capt (ret'd) Michael M. O'Leary, CD, The RCR

Chester Duncan McLaren was born on 27 Apr 1880 at Wingham, Ontario. He was the second of six surviving children of James William and Annie Marie McLaren. Chester's father, James, was the Post Office Clerk at Wingham at the time of Chester's birth.

The McLaren family is recorded as residing in Wingham, Ont. in the 1881 Canadian census. James (27) and Annie (25) are shown with their first two children, Percy D. (3) and Chester D. (1). At the time of the census, James' occupation was recorded as Mail Clerk with the London, Huron and Bruce (L.H.& B.) Railway.

By the time of the 1891 census, the family had grown to six children in the household and were residing in Westminster, Middlesex South, Ont. In that year, parents James (37) and Annie (35) are shown with children Percy (13), Chester (11), Leita (9), Gilbert (8), Maida (6), and John (2). Father James' occupation is noted as Rail Road Post Office clerk.

On 10 Jul 1893, The London Advertiser published lists of local students who had successfully completed their year. Chester, with siblings Leita and Gilbert, were attending Askin Street School. Chester advanced from Grade 7 to Grade 8, Leita to Grade 7, and Gilbert to Grade 4.

The Advertiser mentioned Chester McLaren in its edition of 24 Jul 1894 when it reported that "Masters Jack Ferguson, Fred Elliott, Chester McLaren and Jack G. Dewar, of London South, have gone to Camp McCoubrey, near Goderich, for the summer."

An edition of the paper published a few years earlier on 31 Jul 1891 offers a glimpse of the nature of the boys' summer experience: "Now that summer outings and camp life are in order, Mr. D. McCoubrey, of this city, at the solicitation of several of his old friends, consented again to accompany a number of young men to conduct a camp on the shore of Lake Huron, near Goderich. From numerous reports received from there life is not worth living except at camp, Lots of fishing, boating, etc., give the fourteen or fifteen boys now there plenty of pastime. Mr. McCoubrey undoubtedly has solved the problem "How to successfully run a camp," and he deserves and has the esteem and best wishes of a great number of the citizens for his disinterested kind ness and unfailing consideration of the boys."

On 30 Jul 1894, while Chester was at the camp near Goderich, The London Advertiser published the names of students in the city schools who had successfully passed the Collegiate Institute Entrance Examinations. The list for Askin Street School included McLaren with a score of 443. (The highest mark in the city was achieved by Bertha Bayless, 674.)

Over the next few years, appearances of McLaren's name in the local papers was limited to mentions of his activities on local baseball fields.

A notice published in The London Advertiser on 25 Apr 1899 showed that McLaren had been elected Treasurer of the Epworth League of Askin Street Methodist Church. The Epworth League was founded in 1889 as a Methodist young adult association. The purpose of the league was "To encourage and cultivate Christ-centered character in young adults around the world through community building, missions, and spiritual growth."

By the fall of 1899, Canadians were already following the course of the South African War in their daily newspapers. News that Canada might send a contingent of troops was shared far and wide and, on 16 Oct 1899, the London Advertiser announced that London's soldiers would have a chance to volunteer.

"London Boys Are Going

"To Take a Hand in the Transvaal War.
Only 125 Men Will Be Accepted From This District—Applications Pouring In.

"Col. Holmes, D.O.C., has received the militia orders from Col. Foster concerning the dispatch of Canadian volunteers, and he says that members of the militia will be considered first, provided that their applications are recommended by their commanding officers. All applicants should state rank, age, height, chest measurement and native country, and should forward, if possible, a medical certificate of fitness for active service.

"Col. Holmes has already received many applications and more come by every mail. The commanding officers of the various battalions all have many applications already on hand. As the Whole number to be taken from the nine battalions of the London district is 125, it will be a case of pick and choose.

"Col. Holmes received an application by telegram this morning from a young man in Winnipeg, formerly of London, and a member of the Seventh Battalion. Applications by wire have also been received from former Londoners in New York and other American cities.

"The general impression among the Men and junior officers of the Seventh Battalion is that a call for volunteers will be made at the drill hall tonight."

Three days later, on 19 Oct 1899, McLaren was medically examined to determine his fitness for overseas service. He was described on his medical form as 5 feet 7 1/2-inches in height, weighing 142 pounds, with a 34 1/2-inch chest, good muscular development, good intelligence, sanguine temperament, fair complexion, brown hair, and dark blue eyes. McLaren's sight, hearing, feet, heart, lungs, and teeth were all pronounced good. He was pronounced fit by Surgeon-Major C.W. Belton of the Infantry Barracks in London.

Chester McLaren was enlisted for service in South Africa with the 2nd (Special Service) Battalion of the Royal Canadian Regiment of Infantry on 20 Oct 1899. Giving his age as 22 (he was 19), McLaren was a soldier of the local Militia Regiment, the 7th Battalion, Fusiliers. He was employed as an electrician and his religious denomination was Methodist. McLaren identified his father as his next of kin, providing the address of the family home at 26 Victor St., London, Ont.

Nine days after the announcement that a Company would be formed in London for South Africa, The London Advertiser noted the final formation of "B" Company on 25 Oct 1899. Originally directed to enrol 125 all ranks, this was at the last moment reduced to 107 and the less experienced men were winnowed from the ranks. The paper listed the men of the Company and noted some of their final preparations:

"THE LAST NIGHT.

"The last night at Wolseley Barracks was spent very quietly by the men. Permission had been granted to them to spend a few hours away from the school, and large numbers availed themselves of the opportunity to bid their last farewells to their friends in the city. The roll was called at 10 o'clock and the men went to their quarters, where they were soon fast asleep.

"During the evening numerous visit­ors were at the barracks to see the boys. In the non-commissioned officers' mess there were lively times until after 11 o'clock, when lights were put out, and shortly afterwards all was dark and silent around the large building."

The paper noted the regiments which had provided men to "B" Company for South Africa. Of these the 7th Fusiliers held the most spots with 23 men in the company.

The 25 Oct 1899 edition of The London Advertiser also noted the presentation of a departure gift to McLaren. The paper reported: "Private Chester McLaren, who has been a valued member of the Bible class of the Young Men's Christian Association, was the recipient of a beautiful wrist watch from the members of the class last evening Mr T.B. Howard spoke a few kindly words on behalf of the class and Mr J.M. Carson made the presentation. Private McLaren responded suitably."

On 9 Nov 1899, the Advertiser noted that McLaren was the recipient of another departure gift. A brief item in the paper noted: "Mr. Charles Hunt Miller, city, sent two handsome gold fountain pens to W. Adams and Chester McLaren, of the Canadian contingent, before they left Quebec for South Africa. The two young men were employed by Mr. Hunt."

The speed with which the 2nd (Special Service) Battalion was enrolled, assembled, equipped and despatched is shown by the fact that the battalion sailed from Quebec aboard the Allan Line steamer S.S. Sardinian on 30 Oct 1899. The sea voyage would take a month and the ship steamed into Table Bay on 29 Nov 1899 and disembarked the troops at Capetown on 30 Nov 1899.

On 9 Dec 1899, The London Advertiser printed a letter from another "B" Company soldier, Pte William West (also a 7th Fusilier) which offers a look at the conditions of the voyage:

"Bright Story of Life on Board

"By Private William West of "B" Company, Canadian Contingent.

"Private Wm. West, of B Company, after touching on family matters in a letter to his parents, under date of Oct. 31, says: "Our kit weighs 70 pounds, and we carried it six hours around the streets of Quebec to see how well we stood the strain. I felt all right when we got through, and have just had breakfast on the Sardinian—bread, coffee, and sea biscuit. Never felt better in my life. My bunk is about 6 feet long and 2 1/2 wide. Chester McLaren sleeps near to me, and T. Hennessy next. … Air is very cold, but we expect to be in a warmer climate soon. Do not trouble about me. In writing, address 'Second Battalion, Royal Canadian Special Service Corps." I am writing this on all-fours in my bunk. … We had a grand send-off in Quebec."

"A second letter was written on Nov. 10, in which he says: "As we expect to touch land tomorrow, I am writing a few lines to you. After getting on the ocean the weather was rough for two days, and we had a good shaking up, some of the boys being compelled to lighten their cargoes. When dressing I have to lay on my back, and turn and twist in all kinds of shapes. Every two or three days we have to strip and go on deck, when the hose is turned on us, Weather is pretty warm and it is getting hotter every day. The Sardinian being a slow boat, every one of us will be glad When the Cape is reached, for we are badly crowded. In Quebec we were supplied with nearly everything. We think the campaign will be short after the general gets things in shape, for those who know say he is a hustler. At any rate I will miss the good old Canadian winter, and think we will be home early in the spring. The weather the past week has been splendid. Last Sunday we had divine service on board. The text was, "Redeeming time, because the days are evil," in which the chaplain made a point of advising the boys to make the best of their opportunities, for the mission was a dangerous one. Of course I often think of you all, but am not in the least homesick. We have concerts on board every night. As far as I can learn we are near the northwest coast of Africa. We have bread and coffee for breakfast, meat and potatoes for dinner, and bread and tea for supper. … We would like to see land and have a good run. Give my best regards to all at home. WILL."

West's letter fails to mention that the soldiers' living conditions aboard the Sardinian were less than ideal. The regimental history of The RCR (Fetherstonhaugh, 1936) provides a few additional details:

"Officers and non-commissioned officers, quartered in staterooms, suffered only inconvenience of which none complained, but the rank and file, sleeping in hammocks and bunks in the stifling heat below decks, endured exhausting hardship. The nights were almost unbearable, and day brought only partial relief, for the sun beat on the unshaded decks with an intensity to which the men were entirely unaccustomed. Sanitary arrangements were deficient, drinking water was inadequate, movement on the crowded decks was much impeded, and training, though attempted, was almost impossible."

The Battalion's first stop after leaving Capetown by train was at Dev Aar. McLaren and West both wrote home from there and excepts from their letter appeared in The London Advertiser on 15 Jan 1900:

"Messages from De Aar

"London Boys Teil of Interesting Experiences.
"The Climate at the Camp—Orders for the Front—Guarding Boer Prisoners—Routine Work.

"Mr. Percy McLaren, of the firm of Russell & Co., received on Saturday morning a folded post card from his brother, Pte. Chester McLaren, of the first Canadian regiment, now stationed at DeAar. The message was dated Dec. 5. He says: "In this place it is now about 90° in the shade, when any shade can be found, which is seldom. All the way from Cape Town there was about 600 miles of absolutely waste country. There was not a tree anywhere larger than a lilac bush and even these were very scarce. I thought that we would have been up to the front by this time, but we are not likely to go until Wednesday. We have martial law here, as the people are mostly disloyal Dutch. We have a good many Boer prisoners here in our camp to look after. As a rule they give but little trouble. Our men Were taking one to Cape Town, and not guarding him properly, he pushed one of them off the train and the guard's arm was broken. The other guard shot him down, then stood him up against a tree and the whole guard turned out and put twenty-eight bullets into him. That is the way we have to treat them or they would be giving us more than we could do. We have a traitor in camp who is to be shot in three days. We arise at 4 a.m. and drill until 7 a.m., and again between 5:30 and 7:30 p.m., and lay around the rest of the day. The nights are good and cool. I wish you all the compliments of the season.

The Journey to Camp De Aar.

Pte. Will West has also sent home letters full of interest. From Cape Town he wrote that he met Jack Rattray there, and that Jack bought the boys biscuits and salmon. From Camp De Aar Pte. West sent the following letter dated Dec, 4:

"Dear Mother,—I had an opportunity of writing sooner than I expected. After mailing the last letter to you I went to Cape Town and had a look around. The streets are broad, with fine buildings. Chester and I had a good meal of steak and onions and cocoa, and I tell you it went good after the fare we have been having for the past month. The following day we marched to the station, cheered by thousands. We were 36 hours on the train before reaching here. The camp is in what is known as 'the karoo.' The ground is all sand, there is very little vegetation and it is very warm.

"Yesterday we had a sandstorm, which was very much like our blizzards, only it was sand, instead of snow, that flew through the air, which very often was so thick you could not see more than twenty feet ahead. We are about 50 miles from Kimberley and expect to go there at any moment. The Dutch around here are very disloyal, but the colored races are all very friendly and cheer us. One of them told me he hoped we would beat the Boers.

"This camp is the advanced base. There are about 10,000 men near here, who are all fine fellows. We see trainloads of wounded nearly every day. The Boers are getting sick of fighting, and are beginning to desert.

"I am in excellent health. I have just come in from washing my shirts and underwear, having been six weeks without a change. We could not wash our clothes on board. Some of the boys tried it, but the water made the clothes so sticky they had to be thrown overboard. I do not shave now, as we have no razors. They are all in Cape Town. My hair is clipped like a convict's and I am getting as black as the ace of spades.

"The weather here is nice, except when the sand blows, but this country cannot compare with Canada. Of course, I am in one of the worst parts of Africa. We drink water here, a mouthful at a time, and take as much care of it as if it was gold. They say the country is better as we go north.

"We saw some beautiful scenery on our way here. The cars are all small, and no lavatories in them—no water. The telegraph poles are iron, and many of the houses are made of galvanized iron. This material is used because of insects. One of the men on the railway said that the Canadians were the greatest crowd he had ever seen. They have the most money and are the healthiest lot that are here, I believe. The weather does not bother us at all, while the Australians suffered very much from the heat. We had to make the journey very slowly as tne train engine might at any time be wrecked.

"Well, I will say good-bye. With love to you all, and hoping to see you soon, as I believe I will, I am, your affectionate son, WILL."

A longer letter written by McLaren was published in the volume History of the war in South Africa (McDermid & Logan, 1899). This letter described his experiences leading up to the battle of Paardeberg in February, 1900:

"Letters sent home by the Canadian troops possessed a thrilling interest. From one of these, which is typical of all the rest, we are permitted to make extracts. It is from a member of "B" Company, Chester D. McLaren:

"I am writing this from Naauwpoort Hospital, where I was taken after the battle at Paardeburg (sic) Drift, on Sunday, 18th inst.

"As it is some time since I wrote you, I will try and give you a detailed account of our march after leaving Belmont till the present.

"Monday night, 12th inst, we entrained at Belmont at sundown and proceeded to Graspan and bivouacked there, getting settled about 1 o'clock. As we left our tents at Belmont we had to sleep in our great coats. We only got nicely asleep when the bugle sounded to arise. We found it was 3 o'clock, and we only had two hours' sleep; we packed the wagons and were marching before sunrise. We did twelve miles that morning under a terrific sun with not a breath of wind to help us, and before we got six miles we drank all our water, and had to march the other six without anything.

"Dangers and Hardships.

"When about a mile from Ramsdam, the name of the drift we were making for, over two hundred of our men had to drop out, owing to the intense heat. I managed to stand it out, although I hardly know how I did it, as I was almost raving for a drink of water. When we reached the drift we found a large pond, about the size of Springbank reservoir, but only 30 inches deep. This drift had been occupied by the Boers, who were driven out by the brigade who preceded us, and about 1,000 mules and oxen were watered and allowed to stand in this pond. We drank the water, and lots of it, too, although it was muddy, and no bad results seemed to follow. After filling our canteens and getting enough water for our tea, we jumped into the pond and had a "bath." When we looked into our canteens in the morning there was a fine scum all over the water—just like you can see over the Cove in South London—but everything goes here.

"Wednesday, 14th.—We had to drop about a dozen of our men here, who were unfit to proceed further. We left Ramsdam at 5 a.m. and marched a good five miles before sunrise, then made the rest of the distance to Watervaal. Very few of our men dropped out on this march. Watervaal is on the Riet River, where is abundance of good water. We were fatigue regiment for our brigade to-day, and had to let all the transport wagons down the steep bank of the river and haul them up the opposite bank, so that the oxen and mules could be hitched to them. We also had to take across the two naval guns we had with us. They weighed 7,000 and 8,000 lbs., respectively.

"We reached here at noon, and we did all this heavy work till 6 o'clock with only a hard-tack biscuit, but at 6 o'clock we had a good dinner served to us of fresh beef and soup, and we didn't do a thing to it. Oh, no! I was mess orderly for the day, and in addition to my share of the hard work had to get water from the river, a quarter of a mile distant, and get all pots and kettles ready for breakfast, and by eight o'clock I was rolled up in my great coat and sound asleep. Shortly after the orderly corporal came around and ordered us to draw four days' rations of biscuits.

"Advancing Day and Night.

"We had to go from wagon to wagon before finding them, and before we had them distributed it was 12 o'clock. We only touched the ground before we were sound asleep. We were again called at 3 o'clock, and started at 5. Marched to Wedgrail, a distance of nine miles, but this was a pleasant march, as the sky was hazy, and a nice breeze blowing, which made it more like an early morning constitutional than a forced march. We camped here all day and our company was on picket, which was not at all unpleasant, as we could see the storming of Jacobsdal where the Boers were so suddenly surprised and driven out. Next day we marched to Jacobsdal, and camped there all day.

"Here we commandeered a good-sized calf, and I was lucky enough to get my hands on a pair of ancient hens, which, when boiled down, had a chicken flavor, but it was impossible to get our teeth through them, so we drank the broth and ate the calf, and were full and contented for once. We took off our boots and puttees, the first time for five days, and laid down for a few hours' sleep, but we only had an hour or so, as we were called and marched to Klip Drift, a distance of 13 miles, and bivouacked till Saturday afternoon at 4 o'clock, when we started again, our regiment acting as rear guard of the convoy. We marched till 8 o'clock, and then rested two hours, and then started for Paardeberg Drift, where we arrived at 5 o'clock Sunday morning, doing 19 miles that night, with only a little soup, coffee and biscuit since our Jacobsdal feast.

"We piled arms, and laid down, but in less than half an hour we were startled with the booming of cannon very close to us. We soon learned that our artillery were exchanging shots with Cronje's forces. At 5.30 wt were ordered to put on our accoutrements. Had a half-pint of coffee and a gill of rum, and then marched up to the high ground to support a secticm of artillery. We laid there for a few minutes to accustom us, I presume, to the sound of the guns. We were then ordered to cross the Modder River.

"In Water up to the Shoulders.

"As there was no bridge, we had to walk through the water, which was up to our shoulders, and as the current was very swift it took us all our time to keep our feet. Some of the boys got washed off their feet, but none hurt or drowned. "A" and "D" companies were first across. They were sent to support the Gordons, who were in the firing line. "B" Company came next to support "A" and "D," who had gone into the firing line. We laid down behind ant hills or any cover we could get. By this time the bullets were falling thick and fast all around us, wounding more, in fact, of us than of those on the firing line.

"At 8.30 we advanced to the firing lines amidst a perfect shower of bullets—laid there and fired till 4.30 p.m., and the order to fix bayonets was given, and Bugler Williams blew the charge, standing boldly on an ant hill. The Cornwalls had in the meantime reinforced the line, and we all went down together, but never reached the trenches. We stopped. Had we not done so, we would all have been cut up, as we would have been in a trap. Only one of our boys reached the trenches, and he was shot through the head with an explosive bullet and instantly killed.

"It certainly was a warm day's work, and we only had a bottle of water and a biscuit. We were fighting all day, and just as the sun was setting a companion and myself, who thought if we got a little further up we would have a better chance at them, made a break from our ant hill to another. We got over safely, and just started firing, when I felt a sharp pain in my thigh. I put my hand down and found blood, and knew that I had been struck, but the ball, which was from a Mauser, only went in about an inch, and then downward about four inches and came out. The wound is very clean. After being hit my companion took me by the hand, and we ran for 300 yards, the bullets falling all around us. Then we dropped on our stomachs and crawled 300 yards more.

"Sent to the Hospital.

"By this time it was too dark to shoot, so we got up and walked about a mile to the field hospital, where I had my wound dressed, was put to bed and slept soundly for eight hours. When I awoke I felt splendid, barring my stiff leg. Next day we were sent to Naauwpoort hospital, where I am at present. I hope to be all right again before this letter reaches you. Our acting color sergeant (Davies) got a bad wound in his arm with a dum-dum; the bone was badly shattered. I got off splendid, and feel honored that I got wounded fighting for my country. Many, many poor fellows got badly crippled, I trust our people at home will not think we did not do our duty. We are very comfortable in our hospital tent. We have nine iron beds everything lovely, and we get the best attention and good food, and we will be sorry when we have to leave. As this letter is already too long, will close with kindest regards to all my London friends."

The 18th of February, 1900, was the opening day of the Battle of Paardeberg Drift. It was a costly day for the Royal Canadians, only to be over-shadowed later when the battalion was in the front lines again for the battle's final day on 27 Feb 1900.

A few days later, on 21 Feb 1900, The London Advertiser published the casualty list of local soldiers:

"Fell in Their Country's Cause

"Canadians Suffered Severely in Sunday's Fighting "After Crossing the Modder River—They Were Engaged All Day and Lost 89 Men in Killed, Wounded and Missing.

"Of Londoners Three Were Killed, Fourteen Wounded and Three Missing—…

"[Special to The Advertiser per G.N.W.]

"Toronto, Feb. 21—The Globe, in an extra edition, publishes the following dispatch from its special correspondent with the first Canadian contingent:

"Modder River, Feb. 20.—The Canadian contingent participated in Sunday's battle. We forded the Modder after a night march and were engaged the whole day. The casualties were: …

Another article in the paper identified London men among the casualties, and included this capsule item on McLaren:

"PTE. CHESTER McLAREN.

"Pte. Chester McLaren, who was wounded, is the second son of Mr, Jas. W. McLaren, of No. 26 Victor street, South London. He is 20 years old, and has lived in London all his life. We has always taken a great interest in athletics, and as the result of his work in this connection he was of splendid physique. Before leaving London he was one of the most prominent workers in the Young Men's Christian Association. He was a leader in the Bible class as well as in the gymnasium."

On 22 Feb 1900, The Hamilton Evening Times published the casualty lists of and had this to say about McLaren: "Chester McLaren, all-round athlete, ls another member of the 7th who was wounded. McLaren was one of the cleverest amateur baseball players in Ontario, and although only 20 years old, was magnificently developed."

The London Advertiser, in its edition of 25 Feb 1900, reported on the formation of a regimental association. McLarens prior connections with the Y.M.C.A. saw him engaged in this endeavour: "A letter has been received in Toronto from Dr. H.G. Barrie, the Y.M.C.A. officer with the first Canadian contingent, in which he describes the formation of a regimental association, known as the Royal Canadian Active Service Y.M.C.A. Among the names of the officers appeared that of Chester McLaren, of London, who was representative from B Company to the association. G.B. Little, also of B Company, was the representative from the transport department."

A few days later on 28 Feb 1900, the Toronto World provided more details on the establishment of the regimental association:

"Dr. Barrie At Work.
"Secretary of Y.M.C.A. at the Front Sends Home a Very Interesting Letter.

"Following are extracts from Dr. Barrie's letter from Belmont, South Africa:

"We have organized within our ranks a very successful regimental association. The name is the Royal Canadian Active Service Young Men's Christian Association. The men are taking hold in a very encouraging manner. they are feeling that the work is their own. Many Christian men have been discovered and some of them are placing themselves on record in a splendid manner. This public committee has given men courage to show their colors.

"The Officers.

"The officers are as follows: Regimental secretary, W.H. Moodie; representative from A Company, J.A. Livingston; from B Company, Chester McLaren; from C Company, A. McCall: from D Company, R.J. McCoy; from E Company, C.E. Lewis; from F Company, R. Harrison; from G Company, A. Riggs; from H Company, W. Oxley; Maxim guns, F.B. McRae; trans ports G.B. Little; for hospital visitation, F. Dooley; for details, that is, section of corps who may be encamped with us, Alf. Hammond."

The 6 Apr 1900 edition of The London Advertiser shared the news that a package had been received by Col. Macbeth of London from members of B Company in South Africa. Within the package were 14 of the painted metal chocolate boxes that had been presented to the soldiers as a gift from Queen Victoria. These boxes were being forwarded to the soldiers' homes or to those of friends and some were reported to still hold the chocolate that the boxes originally contained. Chester McLaren was one of the listed soldiers who had sent his chocolate box home for safe keeping.

An official casualty list published on 10 Apr 1900 by the Berlin News-Record listed McLaren and the nature of his wound: "7211 Pte. C.D. McLaren, 7th Fusiliers, hip, slight." Unfortunately, McLaren's recovery would not be without complications.

While McLaren and the other soldiers wounded on 18 Feb began their recovery, the Royal Canadians were back in action at Paardeberg on the morning of 27 Feb 1900. This day led to the surrender of general piet Cronje and his 4000 Boer commandos. The Battalion's role in the victory was recognized across the Empire and the Regiment continues to celebrate the victory with annual events on Paardeberg Day. It was the high-water mark of the Canadian First Contingent's operations in South Africa.

On 10 Apr 1900, the London Advertiser printed the following congratulatory note on McLaren: "The official organ of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, The Canadian Workman, this month contains a portrait and biographical sketch of Bro. Chester D. McLaren, of London Lodge, No. 18, the youngest member of the order, now serving with the first contingent in South Africa. The sketch is deservedly complimentary, and concludes as follows: 'Good boy, Chester! You are a hero; and we hope a benign providence may grant you a long and happy life worthy of your manhood and patriotism." Pte. McLaren is the second son of Mr. J.W. McLaren, railway mail clerk, South London."

Four months after McLaren was wounded at Paardeberg, a letter from Pte. Will West to home was printed in The London Advertiser on 26 Jun 1900. He included a brief mention of McLaren: "Chester (McLaren) has not got up with the column. He is still in hospital."

After Paardeberg, the experiences of the 2nd (Special service) Battalion were characterized by long and dusty marches and brief days of activity none of which compared to Paardeberg in intensity or danger. As the year started to draw to a close, the battalion returned to Canada and McLaren was discharged from his active service commitment on 5 Nov 1900.

The following day, on 6 Nov 1900, The London Advertiser reported on the return to London of local soldiers who had not previously returned:

"Welcome Home

"London Receives Her Returned Heroes With Open Arms.

"Citizens Turn Out En Masse to Do Honor to the Boys From Africa.

"City Ablaze With Lights and Streets Crowded With Joyous, People—Big Military and Civic Procession—Stirring Scenes on Arrival of the Train and at Victoria Parke—The Mayor's Warm Words of Praise for Their Achievements—Banquet at the Barracks.

The leading paragraph read:

"Adjectives are inexpressive and superlatives fail in their suggestiveness, when used in an attempt to describe the prodigious outburst of enthusiasm that made the welcome of the soldiers of South Africa last night. London seemed topsy-turvy pandemonium, and Londoners fairly lost control of themselves in the most remarkable demonstration that has ever been seen in the city. To describe this tremendous expression of public approval of deeds well done would be an impossibility. To appreciate i in its entirety, the tumultuous, joy-maddened thousands, the music, the pyrotechnical display, the frenzied, air-rending cheering, it, would be absolutely necessary to see and hear it, and by sheer contagion, understand its electrifying influence."

The article detailed the fates of those who were on the casualty lists:

"Pte. Chester McLaren sustained severe injuries at Paardeberg: subsequently the suffered with fever and dysentery."

And the exploits of some to escape the mass celebrations to spend time with family and friends were captured:

"Private Chester McLaren received a right royal reception on arrival at his home, 26 Victor street, South London. As soon as he made his appearance on the G.T.R. platform he was hoisted shoulder-high by his many friends, and carried in this manner until the procession reached the customs house, when he managed to escape, and was soon hurried away to his home in a waiting hack. The front of his parents' residence on Victor street was gaily decorated with flags and Chinese lanterns, while a large streamer, "Welcome home, Ches," was stretched across the veranda. The interior of the house was brightly illuminated, and everywhere the Union Jack was conspicuous. A large crowd awaited the young hero's arrival, and gave him a warm reception. Pte. McLaren soon changed his travel-stained khaki uniform for more comfortable clothing, and during the evening was kept busy receiving hundreds of friends, among whom were many members of the Y.M.C.A. and Askin Street Epworth League. The young soldier-hero brought back the same happy countenance that always made him a favorite before he left for the war, and apart from a noticeable gain in physique, is just the same "Ches" as of yore."

On 8 Nov 1900, the Advertiser noted that McLaren was reconnecting with his contacts in London. The paper stated that: "C company of the 7th Regiment will entertain Sergt. Macbeth, Ptes. McLaren, Chapman and Hennessy, members of their company, who have returned from South Africa, at the Kennels tonight."

The paper also shared that: "At the regular weekly Bible class meeting of the Y.M.C.A. on Tuesday evening Pte. Chester D. McLaren, of the First Canadian contingent, and Rev. W.A. Hunton, of Atlanta, Ga., addressed the meeting. The former told of the work that had been carried on in the South African campaign by Dr. Barrie, Y.M.C.A. field secretary."

McLaren returned to soldiering with the 7th Fusiliers. His name appears on the Militia paylist for Annual Drill of the 7th Fusiliers during the period from 8 Oct 1900 to 20 May 1901. Serving as a soldier in "C" Company commanded by Capt John Graham, the paylist covers a total of 12 days' training at London. McLaren, at the rank of Private, earned $6.00 for his 12 days of training.

Continuing public speaking engagements, The London Advertiser of 24 Nov 1900 reprinted a note from the Wingham Advance which described a visit to that community by McLaren: "The Wingham Advance says: To Wingham Epworth League, Monday evening, Private Chester D. McLaren, of South London, gave a sketch of his experience while in South Africa. He was a member of the first contingent of Canadian soldiers, and was wounded while in the firing line at the Modder River. Private McLaren was born in Wingham, but at present lives in London. He does not pose as a public speaker, but spoke for upwards of an hour and a half, and gave his hearers an interesting review of a soldier's life in South Africa, There was a large attendance, and quite an interest was manifested at the close, when he exhibited the various kinds of bullets, used by the Boers."

At the time of the 1901 census, Chester had returned to stay at his parents' home. James (45) and Annie (42) have five of their children at home that spring, Chester (20), Leita (19), Gilbert (17), Maida (14), and John (11). The family also has a lodger, Mary Barnes (80). Father James' occupation is noted as Railway Mail Clerk, Chester is recorded as a Linesman/Electrician, and Gilbert as a Jeweler.

That fall, on 12 Sep 1901, The London Advertiser shared the news that McLaren was at his parents' home and ill with pneumonia:

"CHESTER McLAREN ILL.

"Chester D. McLaren, son of Mr. J.W. McLaren, railway mail clerk, Victor Street, is critically ill with pneumonia at his home here. About two weeks ago, while establishing an electric power plant in the northern part of the State of Michigan, he caught cold in his left lung, which rapidly developed into congestion. He returned to Detroit, his headquarters, and was nursed by his brother there for three or four days, and finally brought to his home here. After his return pneumonia set in. Mr. McLaren was a member of B Company, of the first Canadian contingent to Africa, and was one of the most popular men in the regiment. His host of friends anxiously awaits favorable news of his condition."

For his service in South Africa, McLaren was awarded the Queen's South Africa Medal with three claps: "Cape Colony," "Paardeberg," and "Driefontein." His medal was delivered to his parents' home at 26 Victor St., London, Ont., on 31 Oct 1901.

Sadly, Chester McLaren did not recover from his long battle with pneumonia. He died at London, Ont., on 4 Feb 1902. McLaren was 21 years, 9 months, of age and employed as an Electrician. The cause of death was recorded as "Pneumonia with Tuberculosis."

The following day, on 5 Feb 1902, The London Advertiser published an obituary column:

"Was One of the 1st Contingent.

"Private Chester D. McLaren Is Dead of Pneumonia.
"System Undermined by South African Hardships Could Not Withstand Illness.

"Chester D. McLaren died at 11 o'clock last night at the residence of his father, Mr. James W. McLaren, of Victor street, South London. Chester McLaren was one of the first London boys to volunteer for service in South Africa, when it was decided that a Canadian regiment would be sent, and he was at once accepted, as he was of splendid physique. He was with the first contingent when the Canadians forced Cronje into the Paardeberg surrender, and was wounded severely in that fight. For several days his injury was not attended to, and he subsequently contracted enteric ever, which detained him for several months at Wynberg and other hospitals, During the time of his convalescence, Dr. Barrie, the representative of the Y.M.C.A. with the contingent, wrote to Secretary Sayer here, that Chester McLaren was his right-hand man, and every day was giving him invaluable aid. Such news was to be expected. Before going south he had actively interested himself in the work of the Askin Street Methodist Church, and the Y.M.C.A., of both of which he was a member. He was a leader in the Y.M.C.A. Bible class, and in its gymnasium, and few of the other members surpassed him in either department of the association's work.

"When he returned home after the trip to England he was apparently as robust as ever, and it seemed that in spite of the severity of his African experience, the campaign had done him good. He was an electrician, and after working here for a while, secured a better position in Detroit, where his value was recognized by rapid promotion. He was sent to Northern Michigan in charge of a number of men to establish an electric plant near Traverse City, and while there he caught a cold, which was not properly attended to, and developed into pneumonia. He was ill for five months before he died. His naturally strong constitution had been weakened by the wounds and sickness endured while fighting the empire's battles.

"Not many young men in London enjoyed such popularity as Chester McLaren. Even in his early youth, among the other boys who knew him, he was admired for his strength and activity, and he was as manly and cheery as he was strong; and when he grew to young manhood, his popularity extended, and the men who met him esteemed him highly. All who ever knew him will be saddened to know of his death, and in their sympathy for his grief-stricken parents, his brothers, and sister, cannot but feel that their comfort should be in having had a son and brother, whose short life had in so many ways been admirable."

On 6 Feb 1902, The London Advertiser carried the official notice of death and announcement of the funeral:

"McLAREN—On Feb. 4, 1902, at the residence of his father, 26 Victor street, South London, of pneumonia, Chester D., second son of J.W. McLaren, railway mail service, city, in his 22nd year.

"Funeral Friday afternoon at 3 o'clock.

"Friends will kindly omit flowers."

In the same issue, the 7th Fusiliers published the following announcement:

"Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers and Men of C Company, 7th Regiment, will parade at Drill Shed on Friday afternoon, 7th inst., at 2:15, for the purpose of attending the funeral of our late comrade, Chester D. McLaren. Order of Dress—Gray coats and busbies. By order, John Graham, Captain, commanding C Company.

"P.S.—All officers, non-commissioned officers and men of other companies wishing to pay their respects to our late comrade will kindly meet at the above hour and join in the parade."

The 7 Feb 1902 edition of the London Advertiser carried a brief article describing the funeral:

"With Roll Of Muffled Drum

"Mortal Remains of Chester D. McLaren Laid to Rest.
"Military Funeral of Brave Young Veteran of First Canadian Contingent.

"The esteem in which the late Chester McLaren was held was testified to this afternoon, when the funeral took place from the family residence.

"The remains were carried on a gun carriage in charge of half a dozen South African artillerymen, and draped in mourning colors. The regiment marched with arms reversed, and the drums of the band were muffled, while each bandsman had one button encased in black, the drum major's baton also being wrapped in the same color. The cortege was several blocks in length.

"The chaplain of the regiment, the Rev. Archdeacon Davis, conducted the simple but impressive services at the house and the graveside. The firing party was composed of C Company, 7th Regiment, to which young McLaren belonged. Three volleys were fired in succession over the grave, a fitting close to a life given in part, if not wholly, for the sake of his country.

"The pall-bearers—all South African comrades-in-arms with the young soldier—were Sergt. George Macbeth, Sergt. George Sippi, Sergt. Harry Chapman, Sergt. Frank Hessell and Pte. Charles Redge. A detachment from the barracks and a company of the 1st Hussars were also in the cortege."

In the same issue of the Advertiser was printed a small item taken from the Sarnia Observer: "The Sarnia Observer, in referring to the death of Chester D. McLaren, of London, says: "The young men from Sarnia who went through the South African campaign with him as a member of B Company, have nothing but words of praise for his good qual­ities, which were manifest throughout the entire time they were absent from Canada."

Chester McLaren is buried in Mount Pleasant Cemetery at London, Ont. (Section C, Row 20).

Pro Patria

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